Brief Introduction Overview of McGraw Hills 9th Edition...

Book Review Fundamentals of Corporate Finance – Ross, Westerfield, Jordan McGraw Hill Education (India), 2012, 878 Pp 9th edition ISBN: 13:978-1-25-9027628 Kumar Ratnesh* About Authors Stephen A. Ross is the Franco Modigliant Professor of Finance Economics at the Sloan School of management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Randolph W. Westerfield is Dean Emeritus of the University of Southern California’s Marshall school of Business. Bradford D. Jordan is Professor of Finance Holder of the Richard W.and Janis H. Furst Endowed chair in Finance at the University of Kentucky. With maintaining many of the features , the ninth edition of Fundamental of Corporate Finance brings into clear focus the designed and developed explicit for course in business for both finance major and non-majors alike. The role of corporate finance manager as decision maker and stress for managerial input and judgment. Today finance manager assume to avoid block box approach to finance and where appropriate, the approximate pragmatic nature of financial analysis is made explicit, possible pitfalls are described. Now a day, many functions that may have been done by corporate managers in the past are now done in collaboration with all relevant managers and department. To ensure effectiveness, corporate manager must be placed into that motion in which managers can use effectively in their day to day business expectations of these global competitive crises. The different sections of thisShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior This page intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services:

We All Know Why The Caged Bird Sings - 954 Words

We All Know Why the Caged Bird Sings Maya Angelou was a civil rights activist, author, and poet. She wrote many books and poems that conveyed the vivid experiences in her life. Maya Angelou’s works are well known and she is an eminent writer. One poem in particular that is well known is â€Å"I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings,† written in 1969. In this work she described racial inequality, and the lack of freedom African Americans experienced in the 1930’s and 40’s. Maya Angelou uses many Rhetorical strategies and literary devices to describe the lack of racial freedom in the world at this time. Maya Angelou is a leader by example, she sets the standard by her actions and the stories she tells teaches the audience a lesson. Majority of her work is to inform us of the past and she wants us to learn from her experiences in life; she is a life teacher. The purpose of this poem was to inform us of the history of our country. The poem is titled â€Å"I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings† and her purpose of writing this is to teach the reader why the caged bird sings. Maya Angelou wants to put the reader in her shoes to get the ultimate experience of racial inequality but instead by taking the role of a caged bird or a free bird. The audience of this poem are the people who want to learn about how America was during segregation. Teachers have taught us what they have been told to teach. However, Angelou has lived through this time and has experienced segregation. She is a credibleShow MoreRelatedComparative Essay-to Kill a Mockingbird and I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings1065 Words   |  5 PagesTriginhall Mrs. Teacher Honors English 10 18 November 2012 Response to Literature â€Å"The free bird thinks of another breeze†¦.a caged bird stands on the grave of dreams†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The two literary works â€Å"I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings† by Maya Angelou and Harper Lee’s â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† can be seen as mockingbirds that have flown over fields of prejudice and repeat what they have seen for all to hear. Jem Finch, a young boy and lawyer’s son from â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† clearly symbolizes a mockingbirdRead MoreThe Handmaids Tale By Margaret Atwood1375 Words   |  6 PagesThe Handmaids Tale by Margaret Atwood Introduction The Handmaids Tale by Margaret Atwood and I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings by Maya Angelou are both very well-known texts. They explore the characters horrible situations, retell the experiences through a variety of literary features which all link back to my main theme of freedom to, and freedom from. The Handmaids Tale is set in a not so distant future dystopia, the totalitarian Republic of Gilead. It is centred around Offred, a handmaid givenRead MoreRacism in Maya Angelous I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings Essay1643 Words   |  7 PagesRacism in Maya Angelous I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings Maya Angelou, the current poet laureate of the United States, has become for many people an exemplary role model. She read an original poem at the inauguration of President Clinton; she has also appeared on the television show Touched by an Angel, and there read another poem of her own composition; she lectures widely, inspiring young people to aim high in life. Yet this is an unlikely beginning for a woman who, by the age of thirtyRead More Maya Angelou as a Caged Bird Essay1153 Words   |  5 PagesMaya Angelou as a Caged Bird    The graduation scene from I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings illustrates how, living in the midst of racism and unequal access to opportunity, Maya Angelou was able to surmount the obstacles that stood in her way of intellectual develop and find higher ground.   One of the largest factors responsible for Angelous academic success was her dedication to and capacity for hard work, My work alone has awarded me a top place...No absences, no tardinesses, and my academicRead MoreMaya Angelou1001 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscriminated for their public appearances. As a victim of personal rejection and institutional racism, Maya writes in an assertive, confident tone with a repetitive style on behalf of African-American discrimination as seen through her poems I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, Phenomenal Woman, and Still I Rise. Maya Angelou is known for being a poet impacted by personal experiences leading to the development of her writings. Angelous primary influence on her poems comes directly from her own lifeRead MoreHumans Need to Belong738 Words   |  3 Pagesthe core of the human condition. A significant individual can nurture or prevent a sense of belonging in individuals, groups or communities and is a prevalent concept in the autobiographies ‘Romulus, My Father’ by Raimond Gaita and ‘I know why the caged bird sings’ by Maya Angelou, a story about growing up African American in 1930s. These texts explore how a mentoring figure, an individual’s insecurities and how confidence and self-esteem in a community can instil or prohibit a sense of belongingRead MoreAn Interpretation of Paul Laurence Dunbars Poem Sympathy and We Wear the Mask1228 Words   |  5 Pagesinterpret Sympathy and We Wear the Mask. Both Sympathy and We Wear the Mask were written by Paul Laurence Dunbar. To begin with, the poem Sympathy suggests to the reader a comparison between the lifestyle of the caged bird, and the African American. Paul Laurence Dunbars center of attention of Sympathy is how the African American identifies and relates to the frustrations and pain that a caged bird experiences. Dunbar begins the poem by stating I know what the caged bird feels, alas!(AfricanRead More ?An Interpretation of Paul Laurence Dunbar?s Poem Sympathy and We Wear the Mask?1194 Words   |  5 PagesSympathy and We Wear the Mask. Both Sympathy and We Wear the Mask were written by Paul Laurence Dunbar. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;To begin with, the poem Sympathy suggests to the reader a comparison between the lifestyle of the caged bird, and the African American. Paul Laurence Dunbar’s center of attention of Sympathy is how the African American identifies and relates to the frustrations and pain that a caged bird experiences. Dunbar begins the poem by stating â€Å"I know what the caged bird feels, alasRead MoreMaya Angelou Essay1019 Words   |  5 PagesAmericans and also acts as a spokesperson for black pride and heritage (St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture). Although she speaks for people of color, her messages of hope and strength appeal to people of all ages and races. Angelou is best known for her autobiography, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, in which she recalls herself as a young African American girl finding self-confidence in a highly prejudice world.   Maya Angelou’s work should still be taught in schools today because of her focus on civilRead Mo reComparison Between Modern Day Music And Langston Hughes And Paul Laurence Dunbar1478 Words   |  6 PagesLangston Hughes, are two of the very few who would talk about these controversies. Their poetry consisted of slavery, racial relations and inequality, opportunity, and hope. Their poetry captures the despair and faith in the colored people through all their oppression. Modern day music genre and style of hip hop or rap is a style created by African Americans. Present day rap artists, J Cole and Kendrick Lamar, are two rap artists who have revolutionized music and have become idolized by many African

Base Verb Definition and Examples

In English grammar, the base form of a verb is its simplest form. These exist without a special ending or suffix on their own but can be changed and added onto to fit different uses and tenses. A verbs base form is what appears in dictionary entries. The base form is also known as the  plain form, simple form, or stem. Read about how base verbs are used and modified here. Base Verbs Base verbs function in the present tense for  first- and second-person singular perspectives (I walk and You walk) as well as all plural perspectives (We walk, You walk, and They Walk). In other words, the base form serves as the present tense form for all persons and numbers except the third-person singular,  which requires the -s  ending (He walks, She walks, and It walks).  Additional verbs can be created by adding prefixes to a base verb, as in overthrow  and undo. The base form is certainly not restricted to the present tense. It also functions as the infinitive (with or without to-) and the present subjunctive  for all persons including the third-person singular. Finally, the base form is used for the imperative mood.   Base Verb Examples Study these examples of base verbs in different contexts to understand their simplest applications. In the following tenses and forms, base forms require no additions or modifications. Present Tense The present tense is used for an action happening right now. It is one of the most straightforward tenses in English. When I ring the bell, you leave the room.Men live in a fantasy world. I know this because I am one, and I actually receive my mail there. -Scott Adams Present Subjunctive The subjunctive tense, a form used mostly in formal speech and writing, indicates an indefinite outcome. The music teacher insists that John sing.The tour guide recommends that we travel in pairs. In the first example, though the teacher insists, John might refuse to sing. In the second, tourists may choose to disregard the recommendation. Imperative The imperative form is used for commands from a second-person perspective. Its implied subject is the listener or reader receiving the message. Base verbs do not need to be modified to become imperative. Take my car and drive yourself home.Go to the edge of the cliff and jump off. Build your wings on the way down. -Ray Bradbury Base Verbs as Building Blocks As mentioned, base verbs can be combined with suffixes and/or supplemented with additional words to form more complex verbs and phrases. Building-block base verbs can accommodate different tenses and scenarios than base verbs alone. Here are just a few ways that base verbs are used as building blocks. Infinitive A base verb preceded by to forms an infinitive verb phrase.  The addition of to is the only change required in this form and the verb itself does not need to be changed. I want to see the stars tonight.Chefs love to cook even more than their patrons love to eat. Simple Past Tense The simple past tense is used to describe an action that has already been completed and is entirely in the past. I walked to the store for some bread.She ran further than ever before.Base verb: run Past Perfect The past perfect tense denotes an action that occurred before the most recent past action and is only slightly in the past. Most often, had precedes base verbs in the past perfect tense. I had eaten there last year on vacation, but on this years trip, we chose another place nearby.I had walked home after practice yesterday. Present, Future, and Past Continuous Present continuous action is still happening and incomplete. Base verbs in this form take on an -ing to become participles.   I am walking home from school after practice. The same building block base verbs (participles) used in the present continuous tense can translate to the future continuous tense, a tense that describes a continuous action that has yet to occur.  Note that a modal verb phrase sometimes precedes the verb phrase in this tense. I will be walking home from school today.She is going later. The past continuous tense describes something that continued happening in the past. Notice how this is different from a completed action. Base verbs in this tense sometimes require a linking verb. We were walking home when Stan drove by in his truck.   Gerunds The -ing form or the present participle of a base verb used as a noun is called a gerund. Some words such as painting began as gerunds and developed into nouns. These words maintain their ability to function as verbs/gerunds as well. Walking is the best type of exercise.She couldnt choose between swimming and painting.

Who Is The American Dream - 1490 Words

Americans because they often think of The American Dream as a way or path to greater times. The American Dream gives hope for Americans because it gives them freedom, hope and it also encourages us to achieve goals that will make our life a lot easier in the future for future generations and ourselves. A real life situation of the American dream, for example is like other people from other countries coming to America to find jobs to support their families, build new ones or simply have a better life. So why does it seem like the image of the â€Å"American Dream† is dying out? The American Dream is simply being lost in this society because it has become a lot harder for people to obtain jobs that can financially support their families. What is the American Dream? This so called American Dream is an idea for people all over the world to believe that if they come to America they will have the opportunity to live a successful and free life. The opportunity to live a successful an d free life is the absolute most important thing in this world, women come to America from India, Indonesia, Pakistan or Bangladesh to be free from the religion that they are made to believe in or from the men that control their lives and make them wear hijabs to cover their heads. â€Å"The term â€Å"American Dream† is used in many ways, but it essentially is an idea that suggests that anyone in the US can succeed through hard work and has the potential to lead a happy, successful life.† This clearly statesShow MoreRelatedWho Is The American Dream?1650 Words   |  7 Pageslife to be the American dream. I must have inherited that dream for my mother; she came to the United States from Mexico when she was merely 15 years old. She came to pursue the same dream; she wanted to have the opportunity to achieve wealth and success. Growing up in a traditional Hispanic household is something I will always cherish, but a characteristic of Hispanic culture is the mindset that women were made to be housewives and mothers. This trait blended in with my American dream, I thought asRead MoreWho Is The American Dream? Essay1679 Words   |  7 PagesAmericans because they often think of The American Dream as a way or path to greater times. The American Dream gives hope for Americans because it gives them freedom, hope and it also encourages us to achieve goals that will make our life a lot easier in the future for future generations and ourselves. A real life situation of the American dream, for example is like other people from other countries coming to America to find jobs to support their families, build new ones or simply have a better lifeRead MoreWho Is The American Dream?1326 Words   |  6 Pagesachieve success and certainly no way to achieve the American Dream. Critical to ensuring any chance of achieving the â€Å"American Dream† in this day and age is to obtain a college education. Although it is possible to attain without attending college, it is extremely unlikely. For those with an education, the dream still at least has a pulse. For the majority of people who either do not think they need an education or cannot afford one, the dream probably lost. Adults are often saying â€Å"when I was aRead MoreWho Stole The American Dream?1108 Words   |  5 PagesAre we chasing after a dream that no longer exist? While reading Who Stole the American Dream? by Hedrick Smith and The Next America by Paul Taylor, I started to ponder this concept of the American Dream. The American Dream has been central to America s identity for centuries now, it is a concept in which people have the freedom of opportunity for prosperity and success, and through hard work the ability to move up in social class. In Smith s book he argues that due to the co nsolidation of wealthRead MoreThe American Dream : Who Are You?1396 Words   |  6 PagesWho are you? This is a question many people struggle with, as Identity is key in today’s society. Knowing who you are, what you identify as, or your ancestral lineage speaks volumes about how an individual will be treated due to public perception. For example, America is a growing world power that has strong social, economic and political influence on the world stage. It is this status symbol that many Americans identify with, irrespective of race, gender or sexual orientation. Identifying as AmericanRead MoreWho Stole The American Dream?756 Words   |  4 PagesMy Critique In Who Stole the American Dream? Hedrick Smith paints a clear and accessible but grim portrait of how economics, politics, power, and democracy have vastly changed in the United States. I agree with Smith that wealth and power inequality are extremely harmful. That a few individuals have prospered at the expense of the many is extremely unethical and unjust. I appreciate his critique of the current system, and historical perspective regarding how democracy has been systematically andRead MoreWho Has Access to the American Dream1152 Words   |  5 PagesResearch Essay: Who has access to the American Dream The American Dream originated in the early days of the American settlement, with mostly poor immigrants searching for opportunities. It was first manifested in the Declaration of Independence, which describes an attitude of hope. The Declaration of Independence states: â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, LibertyRead MoreEdward Franklin Albee IIi : The American Dream, And The Goat, Or Who Is Sylvia?1313 Words   |  6 PagesENG3U0 Research Essay Edward Franklin Albee III is an American playwright mostly known for his works such as Who s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?, The Zoo Story, The American Dream, and The Goat, or Who Is Sylvia? Albee is perceived to be a leader in the creation of the American absurdist drama theatrical movement. Specifically, Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? Opened on Broadway the same month the world was facing heated nuclear tensions between Soviet and U.S. powers during the Cuban Missile CrisisRead MoreAn avowed nationalist, who had impact on the American dream, Theodore Roosevelt brought presidency1200 Words   |  5 Pages An avowed nationalist, who had impact on the American dream, Theodore Roosevelt brought presidency and nation into the twentieth century. (Theodore) Theodore Roosevelt was the twenty sixth president of the United States, a president that had great impact in politics. He was born into a rich family, and he suffered from asthma during his childhood (United States. National Pa rk service). He studied at Harvard University, and the Columbia law school (United States. National Park service 2). He attendedRead MoreThe American Dream By James Truslow1643 Words   |  7 PagesThe American dream is a term often used as motivation for people who are seeking a better life outside of their torrid country. According to James Truslow, who coined the term American Dream, the definition is, â€Å"a dream of a social order in which each man and woman shall be able to attain to their fullest stature of which they are innately capable.† (68) The American Dream is sought out by many, but they are often denied the privilege of prevailing in a predominantly successful society run by the

Poem of Harlem Renaissance Free Essays

In the poem Song of the Son, Toomey is turning to the origins of slavery, saying slavery alone has made him a son of this Earth. Song of the Son† is a five stanza, rhyming poem. Each stanza has five lines. We will write a custom essay sample on Poem of Harlem Renaissance or any similar topic only for you Order Now The poem in the first stanza talks about the correlation between nature and song. The second stanza talks about the son and his correlation with nature. Both the first and second stanza collaborates to make the title of the poem Song of the Son. The last two stanza talk about the how the society during that time depicts slaves, â€Å"O Negro slaves, dark and purple ripened plums. † The narrator also talks of the sun setting on he slaves who frequently used songs as a form of expression. The narrator expresses an interest in remembering and figuratively staying connected with the slaves who had worked the land in previous generations. It seems to me that a poem which effectively expresses the spirit of Harlem Renaissance poetry is â€Å"From the Dark Tower,† by Counter Culled. The first stanza open up the poem with the idea of struggle. Culled states in these first lines, we see a man planting, yet not reaping, his own rewards. Instead, the fruits of that labor will simply be plucked away by others, resalable by white men who take what the black men sow. Culled is also saying that the oppressed black people of his day will not always Just sit and watch their people and heritage be enslaved. Culled uses the image of a â€Å"sable†, (meaning black), night sky that relieves the harsh, grim, barren day (stark) as a metaphor. Culled is referring to young African Americans as â€Å"buds† ( lines 13 Even though they are alive, they are so limited by being a black person in America that they will never come close to realizing their full potential A Black Ban Talks of Reaping is a poem that focuses on the oppression and racism in America. This poem describes the trial and hardships of the African American people. The poem also talks about the little children that weren’t around for the planting, but still have to taste the bitter fruit. This could mean that future generations still have to face the discrimination between the races. Stanza 1, he has been plating for many years against fear of losing the harvest and the extenuate that he wont. Stanza 2, He has plated a lot of seeds, but has only harvested very little of what he sowed. Stanza 3, The speaker is saying that no matter how hard he works, his son will have the same fate he does. The author’s tone is harsh and sad: harsh for having to work and sad for his son. The mood of the poem is disappointing for the feeling of failure for his sons. This poem is important because it sends out a message to all blacks and speaks about how every black was treated. In conclusion, the legacy of the Harlem Renaissance has opened doors for today’s African- American writers. The Harlem Renaissance was the internal spring for African-Americans branching out into the world on their own desire. The renaissance opened a new dimension for African-Americans and brought about the legalization of â€Å"l can do it, and do it with dignity, grace, and style. This time period in history was not Just a national movement, but an impact creating a revolution of sorts. Harlem saw a never-seen-before work per excellence, in various fields, which gave African-Americans a renewed image and a fresh outlook. Harlem Renaissance has been the breeding ground for creative endeavors by authors, poets, and artists. Harlem, in itself, was an idea of cultural excitement that progressed throughout the twentieth century. Black visual artists experienced an e xplosion in ideas and energy during Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance produced novelists, poets, artists and musicians who are today considered some of the finest that America ever produced, regardless of race. In conclusion, the legacy of the Harlem Renaissance has opened doors for today’s African- American writers. The Harlem Renaissance was the internal spring for African-Americans branching out into the world on their own desire. This time period in history was not Just a national movement, but an impact creating a revolution of sorts. Harlem Renaissance has been the breeding ground for creative endeavors by authors, poets, and artists. How to cite Poem of Harlem Renaissance, Papers

What Makes an Effective Leader free essay sample

What makes an effective leader? Is a leader born, or can they be made? This paper will attempt to answer these questions and explain what it takes to become a truly effective leader. First we will discuss what an effective leader is exactly, and then move on to describing what it takes to become someone like that. What makes a truly effective leader? Are effective leaders only found on the battlefield or the sports arena? No, leaders are found everywhere. Teachers, welders, students, laborers, managers, the list can go on and on. Leaders are found everywhere. According to Lussier Achua (2013), â€Å"Leadership is the influencing process of leaders and followers to achieve organizational objectives through change. † So, in essence, you are already a leader if you influence a follower. A parent is leader to their child, a teacher to their pupil. So, now we know what a leader is, but what makes a leader effective? Hourston (2013) and Drucker (2006), as well as DeKlein Penstone (1997) have plenty to say on this subject. Drucker (2006) tells us, in his first paragraph, that in order to become an effective executive, â€Å"†¦the executive is†¦expected to get the right things done. But what does that mean? It means that effective executives take responsibility for their actions. That they asked, â€Å"What needs to be done, What is right for the organization? † That they develop action plans and focus on opportunities, rather than problems. That they worked as a team, rather than on their own. And, finally, that they run productive meetings. (Drucker 2006) But, can these practices help turn your average executive into a truly effective executive? Well, there is much more than these eight simple practices. Drucker (2006) lead off with telling us that we are not effective unless we get the right things done. A person can look really busy, working hard all day, but unless they are accomplishing the right things, they really are not all that effective, are they? Hourston (2013) gives us seven steps we can follow to become truly effective: Be bold. Be strengths savvy. Stretch your leadership style. Be â€Å"going somewhere. † Be follower-focused. Be balanced. And, be true to you. What does Hourston mean? Let us take a closer look. Be bold. Do not be timid. Show those around you that you have courage, courage to speak up, courage to apologize, courage to go your own way. Be strengths-savvy. Figure out what areas you are strongest in, what areas your personality and temperament support best and work to expand that. Keirsey Bates’ book, Please Understand Me (1984), can help you to understand your character and temperament type and how to better use it to help you get ahead. The book starts out with a questionnaire to determine your particular personality style and then goes on to explain the different types of personality traits and how they all fit together to form different personality types. Keirsey Bates go on to help a person see what they should, but not necessarily are, good at and where their strengths should lie. This book can also help you to understand how different temperament types view rewards and punishment, which helps to better understand your different types of followers. Stretch your leadership style. Work at using leadership styles that do not come naturally, styles that you find difficult. By becoming a well-rounded leader, it is easier to adapt your leadership technique for different situations. Leading laborers in a task will likely take a different leadership style than leading a group of accountants in completing a task. Learn different styles and when and how to apply them to different situations. Be â€Å"Going Somewhere. All truly effective leaders have a vision, something they want to see done or some change they want to make. Think about it, this vision is what propels them to push further forward, to work to achieve something new, something different. In addition to having a vision, you still have to be able to effectively communicate this vision to others so that they can follow you on your quest to achieve it. Be follower-focused. Be sure to recognize the contributions of others, giving credit to the team instead of hogging the spotlight. Sure, you may be the leader, but you did not do the work alone. Be aware of your followers needs as well. A truly effective leader cares for his followers. Be balanced. Work towards â€Å"†¦sustainable thought and action. † (Hourston 2013) Know how your actions will affect those around you before following through with them. You can only burn a bridge once. Be true to you. Do not try to fool yourself into thinking that only one leadership style is truly effective or that you cannot use certain styles. A certain style may not be a complete perfect fit, but there are always parts of a style than can be mastered by anyone willing to work at it. Have confidence in your abilities, do not stop learning, and be willing to learn and try new things. Peter Economy’s article in Inc. magazine, â€Å"7 Traits of Highly Effective Leaders† (2013) lists several similar traits and a few new ones. According to Economy, highly effective leaders inspire action, are optimistic, have integrity, are confident, communicate effectively, are decisive, and support their followers. These go right along with Hourston (2013), adding optimism and integrity. â€Å"We all want to work with and for people who lift us up into the clouds instead of dragging us down into the mud. † Hourston (2103). No one wants to follow a naysayer. Keep a positive outlook in all that you do. Few people want to climb aboard what seems like a sinking ship, most people want to grab onto a shooting star, reaching high into the sky. The other trait is integrity. Be honest and forthright with your followers. All lies catch up with you eventually. And it is much harder to regain lost trust, than to just tell the truth in the first place. Integrity falls under the Golden Rule: Treat others as you want to be treated. Integrity should be the number one trait in becoming a truly effective executive. Are leaders born, or can they be made? That is the question I asked at the beginning. The answer is both. Some leaders are just born that way. Charismatic visionaries, able to embody everything we want to be, and everything we think a good leader should have. For the other 99. 99% of leaders, work is required. DeKlein Penstone, authors of the Canadian factsheet, â€Å"How You Can Be an Effective Leader† (1994), have something to say on the subject of building yourself into an effective leader. Everyone has leadership potential, just like having the potential to sing or dance. Some people have a natural ability to sing, such as Celine Dion, but we can all crank out â€Å"Happy Birthday† with some semblance of ability, no matter how ousy the tune may sound, it is still ability. The same is true with natural leadership. Martin Luther King, jr. was, for the most part, a natural leader. I do not think he took leadership classes, nor had a leadership coach. He could just lead. He was born with these qualities and skills. Adolf Hitler had to work at becoming a leader. He was a social outcast that failed in many early endeavors. He may have used his influence for evil purposes, but no one can deny his oratory skills or leadership abilities later on in his life. (Lussier Achua 2013) Before I continue, let us look briefly at charisma. Webster’s dictionary defines charisma as: 1. A personal magic of leadership arousing special popular loyalty or enthusiasm. 2. A special magnetic charm or appeal. Most spectacular leaders, the ones we think of when someone says â€Å"Effective Leadership† have a high dose of charisma. Martin Luther King, jr. , Adolf Hitler, John F. Kennedy, to name a few, were very charismatic leaders. With charisma, other shortcomings can be ignored. And charisma, at least in part, can be learned. According to Lussier Achua (2013), charisma can be taught by following a few steps: Working on speech and public speaking skills by using a speaking coach. By educating yourself to better develop visionary skills. Practice being candid and open, while maintaining a level of sensitivity to others’ feelings and needs. And, developing â€Å"†¦an enthusiastic, optimistic, and energetic personality. † Now, back to DeKlein Penstone’s Factsheet. A leader should be well organized have their thoughts and ideas well-thought out. A leader should know what skills they possess, what skills they are lacking and what skills they need to work on to become a better leader. â€Å"A successful leader makes an effort to learn and practice new skills. (DeKlein Penstone 1997). A successful leader should have a profound knowledge of the organization that they are attempting to lead. It is rather difficult to lead an organization that you nothing about. Not impossible, but very difficult. A good working knowledge of the areas that you are involved in will go a long way, while a lack of knowledge may turn your followers away, no matter how good your leadership skills. Team work is another essential part of being an effective leader. When Drucker first published The Effective Executive in 1967, team-based leadership theories were just a dream. Today, most companies use some form of team-based leadership style somewhere in their organization. (Lussier Achua 2013) The thought of the leader as the top man is long gone, even today’s CEOs consider themselves part of a larger mechanism. Without their teammates, leaders are just people standing alone. Considering the office politics that have such an influence on whether a project gets funding and support, having the support of a team, whether it be a work team or just a coalition of office supporters, help to make the wheels on the organizational bus go round. An effective leader is a risk taker. I am not saying that they take unnecessary risks but a willingness to go out on a limb in order to make what they see as a necessary change. An effective leader is an innovator. This goes hand in hand with taking risks. Look at the Wright brothers. They were willing to take a risk on a new innovation, flight. They became the leaders in flight innovations and are seen as visionaries today. An effective leader must be willing to roll the dice and learn from his successes and failures. An effective leader should always recognize the work and achievement of others. This is a partially covered under integrity, the not taking of other people’s credit, but here, I am talking about giving kudos to those that have achieved. Whether it is a pat on the back, a handshake, a â€Å"Job well done,† or a promotion; never fail to recognize the achievements of your followers and offer encouragement to those that need it. â€Å"Showing a genuine concern and respect for your work, your people, and your community may be the best strategy in reaching your goal of outstanding leadership. † (DeKlein Penstone 1997) So, what makes an effective leader? Is a leader born, or can they be made? I think these questions have been answered. A leader can be born, but they can be made. Through hard work, a willingness to learn, and a willingness to try new things it is possible to enhance your innate abilities to lead. We all have some leadership ability, just like we all have some ability to sing. To some it comes naturally, and to others, it is something that must be worked at. What makes an effective leader? An effective leader is someone that influences others, that has a vision, that pushes us to be better. An effective leader effectively communicates, not only is vision, but recognition to those that have achieved under him. An effective leader knows what needs to be done, and then does that which needs doing, all the while influencing those around him to be better and to accomplish more. Annotated Bibliography DeKlein, K. , Penstone, M. (November 1997). How You Can Be an Effective Leader. Factsheet. Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food. Retrieved from http://www. omafra. gov. on. ca/english/rural/facts/94-081. htm DeKlein Penstone give us a generalized snapshot in the form of a factsheet article that tells us some of the basics to becoming a more effective leader. The article begins by telling the reader about everyone’s innate ability to lead. DeKlein Penstone agree with Economy and Drucker in many of their points on leadership, such as leadership traits. The authors go on to give us four situational leadership styles and their possible uses and situations: the â€Å"Directing/Telling† leader, for when group members are unwilling and unable to do a particular task; the â€Å"Coaching/Selling† leader, for when group members are willing but lack the skills to complete a task. the â€Å"Participating/Supportive† leader, for when group members are unwilling but have the skills to complete the task; and the â€Å"Delegating/Trusting† leader, for when group members have the skills and are willing to complete the task. The article provides some very interesting leadership quotes, such as, â€Å"The future will require those of us in such positions to keep our eyes, ears and minds open. It will require us to listen and to involve, to coach and to develop, to enrich and to motivate, to risk and to credit, to care and to express concern, and to laugh especially at ourselves. (John H. Anthony, Therapeutic Leadership, 1989) Drucker, P. (2006). The Effective Executive. New York, NY. HarperCollins Drucker provides a plethora of knowledge covering what makes an effective executive. Regardless of what type of organization, â€Å"†¦the executive is†¦ expected to get the right things done. † Drucker’s first paragraph of the measure of an effective executive sums it up nicely. Drucker goes on to explain that effective leaders, while rarely born, can in fact be made; by learning the necessary acquired habits that make an executive very effective. Drucker covers these traits and habits and how best to acquire these necessary skills to become more effective, habits such as running meetings more productively, getting the most from them, and knowing when too many meetings are a waste of time. The downside to Drucker is that this book was written in the 60’s, before team-lead leadership styles were popular. However, Drucker is recognized as having an enormous impact on modern leadership style and his advice and theory is still very relevant today. Economy, P. (August 27, 2013). 7 Traits of Highly Effective Leaders. Inc. Retrieved from http://www. inc. com/peter-economy/7-traits-highly-effective-leaders. html Mr. Economy gives us a summarized view of what it takes to become a highly effective leader. His article runs parallel to Peter Drucker’s The Effective Executive in its brief wisdom of what it takes to become an effective leader. Mr. Economy lists several key traits as the seven traits necessary to becoming an effective leader. A highly effective leader should try to inspire action in his followers, pushing them to do what is necessary to succeed. A leader should be optimistic, as no one wants to achieve for a naysayer. A leader should show integrity, being honest and fair, treating others as you would like to be treated. A leader should support and facilitate his team by making followers feel safe in taking risks and speaking up, without allowing them to worry about being punished for doing so. A leader should be confident, making his team as though they can accomplish anything. And, a highly effective leader should communicate with his team, as knowledge is power; empower your followers with up-to-date information about what is going on. Hourston, R. (April 4, 2013). 7 Steps to a Truly Effective Leadership Style. Forbes. Retrieved from http://www. forbes. com/sites/womensmedia/2013/04/24/7-steps-to-a-truly-effective-leadership-style/ Hourston shows us seven steps that she thinks will help to form a person into a truly effective leader. Her approach mirrors Lussier, Drucker, Economy, and DeKlein. She leads off with three types of leaders that person does not want to be: the Mushroom, that keeps everyone in the dark; the Seagull, that swoops in and dumps; and the Kipper, wo-faced and gutless. Hourston goes on to remind us that leadership traits and habits can be learned. That all a person needs to become a successful and effective leader is to have the desire and pursue the knowledge that would make it possible. Hourston then touches on those traits and offers tips on how they can be acquired, using quotes from some up-and-coming leaders in today’s markets. After each step, Hourston offers questions to the reader, mainly to get you thinking of ways to implement what was just read. Keirsey, D. Bates, M. (5th Ed. ). (1984). Please Understand Me: Character Temperament Type. Del Mar, CA. Prometheus Nemesis Book Company. Keirsey Bates show us that we really are all different and that different personalities lead in different ways. The book starts out with a questionnaire to determine your particular personality style and then goes on to explain the different types of personality traits and how they all fit together to form different personality types. Keirsey Bates go on to help a person see what they should, but not necessarily are, good at and where their strengths should lie. This book is a compliment to those previously listed, which all tell a person that leadership skills can be learned. In that sense, knowing your personality type can help a person to decide which skills are better suited to their personality, making it easier to develop your personal leadership skills. Knowledge of personality types and their descriptions is also very helpful in learning how to lead these different personality types.

Business Law Criminal Justice under the Kingdom

Question: Describe about the Business Law for Criminal Justice under the Kingdom? Answer: A restriction is imposed on the voting rights of the prisoners in detention without giving due regard to the duration of their sentence or nature of the crime that they have committed. This is explained in Section 3 of the Representation of People Act, 1983[1]. The citizens are guaranteed free and democratic elections right that is secured in Article3 (Protocol No. 1) of the European Convention on Human Rights. The recent rulings by the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) have forced an issue of disenfranchisement into the British political arena by recent rules and regulations. The recent law has provided a ban on prison voting as it is said that violates the Human Rights Convention. Detention followed by conviction forfeits the prisoner rights of convention simply because of the status of the detainee who is detained. Some cases are pending before the European Court of Human rights based on the right that is guaranteed under Article 3(Protocol No. 1) of the ECHR. The British Judges held that the right that was guaranteed by the ECHR was an infringement of Article 3 of the convention of human rights. Article 3 of the convention allows free expression of opinion of the people in regular elections[2]. For example, the elections that were held in the year 2015, indicated that the captives will not be granted the power to vote. Section 3 of the Representation of People Act prevented a prisoner, John Hirst, from voting. The section does not allow the prisoners to vote. He filed an appeal to the High Court, but the case was dismissed[3]. The human rights court in Europe first recorded the case in Hirst v. UK stating that this is a violation of the human right to vote. Hirst won the case with the majority vote, and the court found that restriction of voting rights of the prisoners was violating Protocol 1 Article 3 of the ECHR[4]. Reference List: Lazarus, Liora, and Ryan Goss. "Criminal Justice under the Kingdom Human Rights Act-Dynamic Interaction between Domestic and International Law."SAcLJ25 (2013): 755. McNulty, Des, Nick Watson, and Gregory Philo. "Human Rights and Prisoners' Rights: The British Press and the Shaping of Public Debate."The Howard Journal of Criminal Justice53.4 (2014): 360-376. White, Isobel. "Prisoners voting rights." (2013). [1] Lazarus, Liora, and Ryan Goss. "Criminal Justice under the Kingdom Human Rights Act-Dynamic Interaction between Domestic and International Law."SAcLJ25 (2013): 755. [2] White, Isobel. "Prisoners voting rights." (2013). [3] McNulty, Des, Nick Watson, and Gregory Philo. "Human Rights and Prisoners' Rights: The British Press and the Shaping of Public Debate."The Howard Journal of Criminal Justice53.4 (2014): 360-376. [4] White, Isobel. "Prisoners voting rights." (2013).